Combination clothes washer and extractor



Feb. 21, 1950 G. T. HEMMETER COMBINATION CLOTHES WASHER AND ExTRAcToR 8Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 17, 1944 Feb. 2l, 1950 G. T. HEMMETl-:R

COMBINATION cLo'mEs WASHER AND ExmcToR 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 17,1944 ATTORNEY INVENToR. GEORGE 7.' l-/EMMETER Feb. 2l, 1950 G. T.QEMMETER 2,498,420

COMBINATION cLoTHEs WASHER AND ExTRAcToR I Filed July 17, 1944 l asheets-sheet s h INVENTOR. GEO/aas T. l-JEMMETEQ A TTORNE Y Feb- 21,1950 G. T. HEMMETER 2,498,420

COMBINATION CLOTHES WASHER AND mmc'rog Filed July 17, 1944 8Sheets-Sheet 4 ooo ooo i 0 oo l/o-oo Igooo ooo Ooo IN VEN TOR. 6501265T. #En/METER 7 ATro'Q/VEY Feb. 2l, 1950 G. r. HEMMETER 2,498,420

COMBINATION CLOTHES WASHER AND EXTRACTOR Filed July 17, 1944 8Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR. Ggiaas 7.' #EMME TER Feb. 21, 1950 G. T.HEMMETER COMBINATION cLo'rNEs WASHER AND Exmccron Filed July 17, 1944 8Sheets-Sheet 6 L/za/ 273 FIG.

FIG.

INVENTOR.

FIG. IO

Feb. 2l, 1950 G. T. HEMMETER conBINA'rIoN cLomEs WASHER AND Ex'rRAcToR 8Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed July 17, 1944 me @Mh lll/J/l/l/ IN VEN TOR.

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Feb. 21, 1950 G, T, i-{E/UMEI'ER 2,498,420

COMBINATION CLOTHES WASHER AND ExTRAc'roR Filed July v1'7, 1944 asheets-sheet a 308 307 l Ilm .3/7

IN VEN TOR.

Grouse T. l-/EMMETEQ F1 G. Wzg ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 21, 1950 UNITEDOFFICE COMBINATION CLOTHES WASHER AND lniz'rmicroa George T. Hemmeter,Berkeley, Calif.

pplitln July 17, 1944, SClil N0. 545,328

2s claims. (ci. lss-24) This invention relates in general to dynamicallybalanced rotors and more particularly to dynamically balanced clothesextractors and combination washers and extractor-s.

Rotors of all rdescriptions when not in dynamic 2 rotor, basket orspinner is particularly difficult for the reason thatvthe clothes beinghandled l present relatively large masses which cannot be balance aresubject to vibration, and when op-V erated at relatively high speeds thecentrifugal v force developed greatly accentuates the existingout-of-balance condition. The resulting vibration is objectionable notonly because of the accompanying noise but is injurious to the equipmentand to the base on which it is mounted.

To effectively clean clothes they should be agitated continuously in thecleaning fluid and consequently when this operation is carried out in acombination washer and extractor, the bas-V4 ket Of the machine duringits washing cycle should be rotated only at such speeds that centrifugalforce is ineffective to maintain the clothes against the surface of thebasket so that on reaching their zenith of travel they can fall backfreely into the cleaning fluid. During the extracting cycle however, thebasket should be rotated at as high a` speed as is possible consistentwith safety and economy of manufacture. Unfortunately the higher thespeed at which a basket is rotated, the greater is the dynamic un.balancing force to which the basket is subjected. To compensate for thislack of balancing means, the basket during the washing cycle is rotatedat such a speed that the clothes are always retained on the surface ofthe basket, this being done on the theory that the clothes as initiallypicked up by the basket, are more uniformly distributed over its surfacethan would be the c ase if allowed to tumble within the basket duringthe washing cycle and then pickedup by the basket during the initialstage of the extracting. The dynamic unbalance of the basket and itsload is further minimized by limiting its speed of rotation during theextracting cycle. It will therefore be seen that a compromise is madeduring the extracting cycle as well as during the washing cycle. Duringthe latter cycle the basket is rotated at a speed too high for effectingwashing, and during the extracting cycle at a speed too low toeffectively dry the clothes.

The provision then of means for dynamically balancing a basket and itsload and for maintaining it and its load in dynamic balance during theextracting cycle, is further advantageous in that such means makes itpossible to use a single basket eiectively as an extractor as well as awasher.

readily and uniformly distributed over the surface of the basket.Furthermore, as water is spun from the clothes during the drying orextracting cycle, the out-of-balance condition continuously changes.

In-.genera1, the object of this invention is the provision inconjunction with the basket or spinner of a clothes washer and/orextractor of means f or quickly bringing such basket into dynamicbalance, andA for then maintaining it in a .dynamically balancedcondition irrespective of the ,fact that the effective load carried byit changes continuously.

Another object of the invention is the provision in commotion withequipment of the general character referredv to, of a simple butpositive valve operating in response to any out-of-balance of the basketimmediately to permit the introduction of a balancing fluid to the lightside of the rotor.

The attainment of a dynamically balanced 55 A further object lof theinvention is the provision of a valve of the character above referredto, which readily can be adjusted to increase or decrease itssensitiveness and which readily can tbe removed and replaced within arelatively short ime.

Stilranother object of the invention is the provision in conjunctionwith rotary equipment of the general character referred to of a fluidoperated clutch t for transmitting power to the basket only when thebalancing or distributing valve is in communication with a source ofbalancing fluid.

A still further object of my invention is the provision in conjunctionwith a combination y washer and extractor, of a power transmissionsystem for driving the equipmentat a relatively low speed during thewashing cycle andthen at a relatively high speed during the extractingcycle, but only during such time as the dynamic V y radial movement ofthe washer shaft away from its normal axis and which substantially isunaiiected by the weight of the washer and its load.

Still another object of the invention i; the provision in a combinationwasher and extractor, of means for permitting a balancing valve formedabout the basket shaft, to seek its own unstressed position about theshaft and for then locking the valve in that position by a duid operatedlock.

The invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which withthe foregoing will be set forth at length in the following descriptionwhere that form of the invention which has been selected forillustration in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of thepresent specification is outlined in full. In said drawings, severalforms of the invention have been illustrated, but it is to be understoodthat it is not limited to such forms.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical mid-section of a vertical type clothes washer andextractor embodying some of the objects of my invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. g

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical section of the valve illustrated ,inFigure 1, with the valve in its openv or distributing position and withthe :duid clutch omitted.

Figure 4 is Ya vertical section of a tapered balancing or distributingvalve.'

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken through a horizontal type washerincluding a tapered distributing valve and a fluid clutch. y

Figure 6 is a side elevation of the washer illustrated in Figure 5diagrammatically showing ythe y power transmission system.

Figure 7 is a section taken through the duid clutch of the washer andextractor illustrated in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a vertical section taken on the line 8 8' of Figure 7, butshowing the clutch in its open or disengaged position.

Figure 9 is a section similar to that illustrated in Figure 8, butshowing the clutch in its closed or engaged position. f

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic illustration of a combined washer andextractor and the uid controlled transmission system for driving it.l

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic illustration of the inertia switch circuitused in conjunction with the fluid controlled transmission system shownin Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a vertical mid-section of the combination washerandextractor diagrammatically illustrated in Figure 10, but with itsouter shell or casing omitted.

Figure 13 is a partial vertical section of a combination washer andextractor provided with a uid operated lock for locking a balancingvalve in an unstressed condition and fixed position about the basketshaft.

Figure 14 is a section taken on the line I4--I4 of Figure 13.

The extractor illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is intended primarilyfor household purposes and in general consists of an outer casing orshell to the lower side of which are secured a pair of vertically,aligned deep grooved thrust bearings. Supported by these bearings is acomposite shaft and fluid distributing valve to which power can betransmitted through a fluid operated clutch. Secured to the upper end ofone of the members of the composite shaft and distributing valve is thewasher rotor and formed on the external walls ci the rotor are aplurality of peripherally spaced fluid pockets arranged selectively tobe placed in communication with a source oi huid under pressure undercontrol of the distributing valve. The distributing valve is in turnarranged to operate in response to any existing dynamic out-oi'balanceof the rotor.

More specifically this extractor (which in larger sizes can be used as acombined washer and extractor) comprises an outer cylindrical shell orcasing i provided with a bottom 2 from which the entire structure can besupported in any desired manner. Carried by the base 2 are ver-J ticallyspaced bearing supports 3 and d coaxially disposed with respect to thecasing i. Secured within the bearing supports by a set screw is a ballthrust bearing provided with a bearing sleeve 'l and accommodatedvwithin the bearing support t is a ball thrust bearing 8 provided with abearing sleeve 9.

Removably secured to the bearing sleeves l and 5l by set screws Ii andi2 is a metal sleeve i3 to the inner surface of which is vulcanized aresilient straight walled rubber or elastomer liner it formed with adownwardly converging or tapered lower end i5. Disposed within the linerIt is a shaft it, formed at its lower end with an en larged matingtapered plug II and at its upper end with a series of corrugated orenlarged peripheral ridges or circular zones it normally having a forceilt with the liner It andlwhich define intermediate circular channels.The plug Il is formed with a serrated surface i3 and arranged to betightly seated within the downwardly converging end i5 of the liner i4for the purpose of effectively sealing off the lower end of the sleeveI3 and its liner and for the additional purpose of transmitting drivingtorque from the sleeve and liner to the shaft IE as hereinafter :morefully explained. As shown in Figure 1, the

upper ridged end of the shaft effectively seals off the upper end of theliner i4 except whenfor any reason it is laterally displaced, as shownsomewhat exaggerated in Figure 3.

Threaded to the shaft i5 below the plug Il is a nut 2l having a thrustengagement with the lower end of the liner lli and by which the plug Ilcan be drawn into as tight engagement with the liner as is desired.Secured to the lower free end of the shaft i6 is a swivel joint 22, andwhich in turn communicates with a suitable source of water underpressure through a conduit 23. Communication between the swivel joint 22andthe annular space 24 defined by the shaft I6 and the liner It iseffected through an axial vbore 25 and a transverse bore 26 drilled inthe shaft H5.v y

Seated over the upper tapered end 21 of the shaft I6 is a. hub 28 of adepth slightly greater than the length of the taper on the shaft, andprovided with a key way adapted to receive a key 29 formed on the taper.Threaded to the upper free end of the shaft i6 over a washer 3l is a nut32 by which the hub can be rigidly fastened to the shaft.

Bolted to the hub 28 within the shell is a cylindrical basket or rotor33 provided on its outer surface with a plurality of peripheral spaced,longitudinally extending balancing receptacles or pockets 34. The lowerends of the pockets 34 communicate through radial conduits 35 providedon the bottom 36 of the basket, with a zone immediately beneath the hub28 and surrounding the upper end of the sleeve I3. Formed in the sidewalls of the basket interl aphragm 45 .by a set screw 5I, is a collar52- mediate the pockets 34 are perforations 31 for the passage of waterfrom vthe interiorl to the -exterior of the basket. Y

Preferably the -upper end of the basket is provided with a splash guard33 and with small holes 39 establishing communication between the 6noted that although the upper end ot the shaft I3 is free to moveradially in" any direction-within the liner I4 by compressing the linerwithin the Y valleys formed by the ridges I3. the shaft. liner,

upper ends of the pockets 34 and the interior y of thebasket.

.either end to the sleeve by wire clamps `46.' Fastened to the sleeve I3below the diaphragm 45 and by a set screw 41 is a collar 48 formed witha short upwardly extending bearing flange 49. Fastened to the sleeve I3immediately above the diformed integrally with a downwardly extendingbronze clutch sleeve 53. The sleeve is formed with a plurality ofperipherally spaced, longitudinally extending slots 54 for the purposeof making the clutch sleeve 53 resilient and distendable throughout asubstantial portion of its length. Surrounding the clutch sleeve 53 andhaving a running fit therewith when the clutch sleeve is in its normalundistended position, is av steel pulley sleeve 55 and fastened to thepulley sleeve by a set screw 56 is a pulley wheel 51. Communicationbetween the lower surface ofthe diaphragm 45 and the annular space 24between the liner I4 and the shaft I6 is established by one or moreradial holes 58 extending through the sleeve I3 and its liner I4.

Disposed within each of the bearing supports 3 and 4 on either side ofthe bearings 6 and 9 are seal rings 59.

The operation of the extractor above described with reference to Figures1, 2 and 3, is as follows:

The basket 33 is loaded with wet clothes in the usual fashion and poweris delivered to the pulley Wheel 51. If at this time there is no Waterpressure in the conduit 23 'and in the annular space 24, there will beno clutching action between the' clutch sleeve 53 and the pulley sleeve55. However, when pressure is -made available in the conduit 23, andconsequently in the annular space 24, the cylindrical rubber diaphragm45 will distend outwardly, thereby forcing the central portion of thebronze clutch sleeve into clutching engagement with the steel pulleysleeve 55. The rotation of the pulley 51 will, therefore, be transmittedthrough the clutch sleeve 55, the

collar 52, the sleeve I3 and the converging lower end I5 of the liner I4to the shaft I 6, and through the shaft to thebasket 33. It is apparentthen that power can be transmitted to the basket only if and when thespace 24 is under a fluid pressure. If the basket 33 (and its load) isnot in dynamic balance, it will be displaced towards its "heavy" oroverloaded side, thereby forcing the ridges I8 formed on the upper endof the shaft I6 into the corresponding side of the rubber liner I4.Simultaneously the shaft is pulled away from the diametrically opposedor light side of the liner,. thereby establishing communication (asshown in Figure 3) between the annular space 24 and the inner ends ofthe radial conduits 35 o n the light side of the basket and which inturn lead to the balancing cups 34. It should be particularly sleeve' I3and basket 33 allrotate as a unit'and `consequently any water reachingthe upper end of the liner I4-wi11 be thrown radially outward over theflange 43 into the radially adJacentconduit.35, and hence' tothevertical cup 34 communicating with that particular conduit. When enoughwater has been introduced into the cup 34 to bring the basket intodynamic balance, the shaft I6.will return to its normal .positioncoaxial with the sleeve I3 and in so doing, the ridges I8 eiectivelywill seal off the upper end of the liner. The upper ridged endl of theshaft I6, the

sleeve I3, and its liner I4, may therefore be considered as a valveresponsive to any dynamic outof-balance of the basket for automaticallybringing the basket and its load into dynamic balance and formaintaining it continuously in that condition. One ofthe more importantfeatures of this valve resides in the valleys dened by the adjacentridges I8 of the shaft. Although loosely characterized as compressible,rubber is actually incompressible. However, it is resilient and mobileand by providing valleys in the shaft into which the walls of rubberliner can be forced, it is possible to effect a substantial radial.displacement of the shaft. A similar action could, of course, beobtained by providing ridges in the rpper end of the liner and using astraight-walled shaft.

Sponge rubber can also be used, for in'this case the rubber can beforced 'or compressed into its own internal cavities. In each case, theessential feature is the provision of spaces adjacent to or within therubber into which it can be compressed.

When the basket 33 is rotated at such a speed that centrifugal forcebecomes a factor, the water in the vclothes contained in the basket isthrown outwardly to the walls of the basket, and.. then through theholes 31 into the casing I, from whence it is discharged through anoutlet 6I to waste. After sufficient water has been extracted from theclothes in this manner, the water pressure in the conduit 23 is cut off,whereupon the rubber diaphragm isl deated and the clutch sleeve 53assumes its normally declutched position,

- casing I to the discharge outlet 6I.

age of water past the ridges I8 due not to the dynamically unbalancedcondition of the basket and its contents but rather to an improperseating of the ridges I8 within the liner I4, water will pass throughthe distributing valve into one of the balancing cups 34. This actionwill, of course, overload the basket on the side in which this cup islocated, thereby causing the distributing valve to open onthe oppositeside and to permit water to pass into the diametrically opposedbalancing cups 34 until the basket has again been brought into dynamicbalance. At this point, the original leakage referred to may againprevail permitting additional water to pass into the first mentionedbalancing cup 34, which again will result in the operation of thedistributing valve aaoaaao again to bring the basket into a state ofdynamic balance. Eventually in this manner, the rst balancing cup 34will be completely lled with water, and at this point there will beleakage of water from this cup through its associated hole 39 into thebasket and there will be no further hunting of the distributing valve.In other words, when the water level in any one of the distributing cups34 has reached the level of its associated hole 39, water from the cupwill pass through this hole into the extractor at the same rate asleakage into the cup, and due to this slight vunbalance the distributingvalve will .bearing support 12 is a ball thrust bearing 14 including a.bearing collar 15. Accommodated within the upper portion of the bearingsupport 12 and'above the thrust bearing 14 is a seal ring 15. Fastenedto the bearing sleeve 15 by a set screw 'l1 or other equivalent means isa shaft 18, the lower end of which communicates with a swivel joint 19provided with a suitable stuffing box, ball bearing and thrust collar.

Located within the bearing support 1| is a ball bearing 19 including abearing sleeve 8|. Seated within the bearing support 1| on either sideof the bearing 19 is a seal ring 82. Fastened within the bearing sleeve8| by a set screw 83 is a collar 84 externally threaded at each end andwithin which is vulcanized a liner 85. The liner 85 is cups referred to,is made in substantial accordformed with a tapered ybore 88 for thereception of a downwardly tapered portion of the shaft 18. This taperedportion of the shaft is provided with circular zones or ridges 88, theadjacent members of which denne circular channels or valleys 89 intowhich the walls of the liner 85 can be compressed if for any reason theshaftis displaced radially. The external diameters of the ridges 88 andthe internal diameter of the liner 85 should be such that when the shaft18 is concentric with the liner 85, the ridges 88 are snugly fittedwithin the liner and form an effective water seal, therewith. Disposedover the lower beveled end 9| of the liner 85 is a dished washer 92 andthreaded to the shaft 18 in abutment with the washer 92 is a nut 93. Byscrewing the nut 93 against the dished washer 92, the beveled end 9| ofthe liner can effectively be sealed about the shaft, so as to form awatertight connection therewith. Threaded to the lower end of thevsleeve 84 is a nut 95, and threaded to the upper end of this sleeve isa` collar 98 formed with an outwardly extending flange 91, and which inturn is provided with a downwardly extending ring 98. Keeping in mindthat the shaft 18 is xed within its lower thrust bearing 14, it will beseen that by backing off the nut 95 and turning the collar 98, thesleeve 84 together with the liner 85 to which it is vulcanized orotherwise bonded, can be lowered and raised with respect to the shaft18, and that consequently the nt between the ridges 88 and the taperedvbore 88 can be adjusted at will.

ance with the basket 33 illustrated in Figuresv l and 2.

Extending through the shaft 18 is an axial bore |09 communicating at itslower end with the swivel joint 19, and at its upper end with a lateralbore The bores |09 and therefore, serve to establish communicationbetween the swivel joint 91, which is in turn connected with a suitablesource of water under pressure and an annular channel |2 formed in theshaft 18 below its lowermost ridge 88.

Although not shown, it is contemplated that power be transmitted to theshaft 18 by means of a fluid operated clutch such as illustrated inFigures 1 and 3.

The operation of the extractor as described with reference to Figure 4is identical with the operation of the extractor illustrated in Figuresl, 2 and 3, although as above indicated, the weight of the basket |01 iscarried through the shaft 18 through the ring 15 and the thrust bearing14 directly by the lower bearing support 12, whereas in the modificationillustrated in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive the load of the basket istransmitted to the lower bearing support 4 through the lower tapered endof the liner I4. Another essential difference between the modificationillustrated in Figure 4 and that illustrated in Figures l, 2 and 3 iswith respect to the adjustable fit which can be obtained between thesleeve and the ridges 88 of the shaft 18. Here again it is ,to beobserved that instead of ridging the shaft 18, the sleeve 85 could beformed with ridges, or instead the sleeve could be formed of spongerubber.

In Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 a combination washer Vand extractor of thehorizontal type has been illustrated wherein the distributing valve foreecting the dynamic balance of the basket is adjustable with respecttothe main load bearing so that the valve is substantially unaffected bythe dead weight of the basket and is responsive solely to the dynamicunbalance of the extractor and its load. Furthermore in thismodification power is transmitted to the basket during the washing cyclethrough an overrunning clutch and during the extracting cycle through afluid operated clutch.

More specifically this modification comprises an outer shell or casing|2| supported by a suitable base not shown and which is provided with apair of longitudinally aligned and spaced bearing supports |22 and |23.Fastened within the bearing support |22 by a set screw |24 is a resil.vlent bearing retainer |25 comprising an outer metal ring |26 and aninner metal ring |30 both of which are vulcanized to a common rubberring |21. Secured within the inner metal ring |30 is a ball bearing |28including a bearing sleeve |29. Mounted within the bearing support |23is a selfaligning ball bearing |3| including a bearing sleeve |32 andfastened within this sleeve andv 76 within the bearing sleeve |29 by setscrews |33 and |34 is a shaft |35. Seated within the bearing lockedthereto by a nut |39 is a bearingsleeve I4 Rotatably mounted within thesleeve |4| is a bushing |42 lformed on its left hand end with a shoulder|43 and within which is vulcanized a rubber sleeve or liner |44,provided with a tapered bore |45. Formed on the shaft |35 within theliner |44, are a plurality of circular ridges |46, normally making afluid' tight seal with the vliner and which define intervening valleys|41, into which portions of the liner can be forced upon a radialdisplacement of the shaft in any direction. Since the shaft 35 is heldby the bearings |28 and |3| against any longitudinal displacement withrespect to valve supporting ring |38, the yadvance of the liner |44 tothe left by turning the collar |4| will effect a tighter t between theliner and the ridges 46 of the shaft. When the desired flt between thesetwo members has been obtained the right end of the liner is fastenedandv sealed to the shaft over the straight walled ridges |49, by a ringclamp |5|. x v

Keyed and fastened to the left end of the shaft |35 is a hub |52 towhich is bolted the rear end |53 of a spinner or basket |54. As in thecase of the basket illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the baske't |54 isprovided on its periphery with a plurality of peripherally spaced,longitudinally extending balancing pockets or cups |55, communicatingthrough radial conduits |56, with the circular opening |51 defined bythe inner ends of the conduits. Securedto the end wall |53 of thebasket, in line with the conduits |56, is a conical collar |58 formedwith spaced holes |58a.

Between the balancing pockets the cylindrical walls of the basket |53are formed with perforations |59, through which water can -be slung fromthe basket into its surrounding casing and from there through the outletI6 Communication between a swivel joint |62 disposed on the right end ofthe shaft |35 and the channel |63 defined by the contiguous ridges |46and |49, is established by longitudinal and transverse bores |64 and |65formed inthe shaft. As shown in Figure 6 the swivel joint |62communicates through a pipe |66 with a three way valve |61, which inturn selectively communicates with either a source |68 of fluid underpressure or with an outlet relief line |69.

yDuring the washing cycle of the basket |54 it is rotated at arelatively low speed through a large pulley wheel |1|, operativelymounted on the shaft |35 through an overrunning clutch |12 of anysuitable and conventional design. The pulley wheel |1| in turn is driventhrough a belt |13 by a small :pulley wheel |14 keyed to a power drivenShaft |15.

During the extracting cycle, the shaft 35 is driven at a relatively highspeed through the fluid operated clutch'shown in detail in Figure 7 withportions thereof broken away, better vto illustrate its construction andin its inoperative and operative positions respectively in Figures 8 and9. This clutch comprises a cylindrical rubber diaphragm |16, surroundingthe shaft |35 and sealed thereto at either end by wire clamps '|11 andannular heads |18 having a snug fit within circular channels |19 formedin the shaft.

10 Surrounding the diaphragm |16 and secured to the shaft by a set screw|8|, is a bronze clutch sleeve |82, the walls of which at thelongitudinally spaced annular zones |83 are of materially reducedthickness so that the central zone |84 of the sleeve can be forcedradially outward upon the application of outwardly directed fluidpressure to the interior of the rubber diaphragm as shown in Figure 9.To further permit the outward distension of the clutch sleeve |82 it isformed with a plurality ofperpherally spaced longitudinally extendingslots |85 (see Figures 8 and 9). The right end of the sleeve |82 isformed with a plurality of peripherally spaced splines |86 arranged tointerlock with a set of complementary splines |81 of a relatively shortbearing sleeve |88, secured to the shaft |35, by a set screw |89.Journaled on the sleeves |82 and |88 is a pulley sleeve 9| provided witha relatively small pulley wheel |92. Communication between the axialbore |64, of the shaft 35 and the under side of the diaphragm 16, isestablished through a transverse bore |83 provided in the shaft in theplane of the pulley wheel |92. Although normally the pulley sleeve 9|has a free running t with the bearing surfaces of the sleeves |82 and|88, an application of fluid pressure to the under side of the rubberdiaphragm |16 through the transverse bore |93 will distend the diaphragmand in turn the central zone |84 of the clutch sleeve |82 so as to lockthe clutch sleeve |82 to the pulley sleeve |9|. The torque of the pulley|92 is thereby transmitted to the shaft |35, through the clutch sleeve|82 and through the sleeve |88, the splines |86 of the former beinginterdigitated with the mating splines |81 of the latter.

As shown in Figure 6 power from the motor driven shaft |15, istransmitted to the relatively small pulley wheel |92, through arelatively large pulley wheel |94, keyed to the shaft'l15, and a -of thebasket or the shaft. This is done by loosening the bolts |36, therebypermitting the entire weight of the basket and shaft to be supported bythe bearings |28 and |3|, and permitting the valve supporting ring |38and its associated parts including the rubber liner |44, to assume aposition coaxial with the shaft in the displaced position of the shaft.The bolts |38 are then tightened and the sealing fit between the liner|44 and the ridges |46 of the shaft is then adjusted as previouslydescribed so that the valve will not leak when the basket has beenloaded to its average wet capacity. As so adjusted the compressionbetween the liner and the ridges |46 is equal at all points, except asindirectly affected by the weight of the wet load. When however thebasket is rotated at such speeds that centrifugal force becomes a factorany dynamic unbalance of the basket will produce a radial displacementof the shaft within the liner in the direction of the heavy side of thebasket thereby producing a passageway between the shaft and the lineralong the opposed side of the shaft. The passageway so formed along thelight side of the shaft establishes communication between the pipe |66and the outer end of the liner at a point adjacent one 0f the radialconduits |56 communicating with 11 l one of the balancing pockets |55 onthe light side of the basket. In its outward travel vthe balancing waterpasses over the holes |58a of the conical collar |58, whereas when thespeed of M,rotation of 4the basket is decreased to a point wherethe/centrifugal force is not suiiicient to overcome the force ofgravity, any balancing water contained in the pockets |55 falls throughthe conduits |56 on the upper side of the basket, over the upperinclined surface4 of the conical collar |50.- and through the circularopening |51 to the outlet |6|. During the washing cycle of the basket itis rotated at a relatively slow speed through the overrunning pulleywheel |1|, with the valve |61 in its closed position. When it is desiredto extract water from the clothes contained within the basket, the valve|61 is turned to its open or pressure position as shown in Figure 6,whereupon the ldiaphragm |16 is distended thereby causing the clutchsleeve |82 to engage the relatively small pulley wheel |92. Since thepulley wheel |92 is turning at a higher speed than the pulley wheel |1|,the latter pulley wheel simply overruns and permits the pulley wheel |92to carry the load. It should be particularly noted that since thebalancing fluid distributing valve and the iluid operated clutchassociated with the pulley wheel |92 are both responsive to the sameiluid pressure, the basket |54 can be driven at higher or extractingspeed only when the distributing valve is operative to effect andmaintain the dynamic balance of the basket.

In Figures 10, 11 and 12 the objects of my invention have been embodiedin a commercial type of a combined Washer and extractor supported ateither end by trunnions provided with independent balancing valves andwith independent drives. be brought up to extracting speed only underthe control of an inertia switch and only while the balancing valves areoperative. Here as in the case of the modiiication illustrated inFigures to 9 inclusive, the operation of the distributing valves isentirely independent of the weight of the basket and its shafts.

More specically this modification comprises frame members 20| and 202provided respectively with opposed axially aligned bearing supports 203and 204. Associated with each of these supports are identical bearingsland balancing valves and consequently a description of only one set ofthese members is necessary. Accommodated within the bearing support 203is a resilient rubber bushing 205 vulcanized on its outer surface to abronze liner 206 and on its inner surface to a. bronze supporting sleeve201, formed with a shoulder 20B. Seated within the supporting sleeve201, in abutment with the shoulder 208, is a ball bearing 209, includinga bearing sleeve 2li, secured to a trunnion 2|2 by a set screw 2|3.Adjustably secured `within the supporting sleeve 201 in back of thebearing 209 by a set screw 2|4, is a collar 2|5, serving to lock thebearing in place. Fastened over the back end of the bearing support 203,is a, cover plate 2|6.

surface of the sleeve 224 is a rubber liner 225 In this modification thebasket cany Keyed and fastened to the inner end of the trunnion 2 |2 bya (nut 228 is a hub 229, to which is secured the left.dished head 23| ofa spinner or basket 232, formedwith perforations 233. The basket isprovided at either end with a plurality of diametrically opposed pairsof balancing cups or pockets 234 for the reception of balancing waterunder the control of the balancing valve. The pockets 234 are deiined bythe cylindrical extensions 235 of the basket, by the end rings 236partially closing the ends of these extensions, by the heads 23|, and bydiametrically opposed pairs of radial partitions 231 secured to thesevarious members.

Secured to each of the dished heads 23| is an outwardly converging guidecone 238 provided on its inner surface with a plurality of diametricallyopposed pairs of guide vanes 239, each in radial alignment with .one ofthe radial partitions 231. lll'he cone 233 and its adjacent pairs ofguide varies therefore form inwardly inclined channels for the passageof balancing water from the balancing valve to the balancing pockets 234through holes 24| in the inner end of the cone, under the influence ofcentrifugal force. Secured to the trunnion 2|2 by a set screw 243adjacent the right end of the liner 225 is a conical slinger 242.Secured to each of the end rings 236 is an inclined baie ring 244 whichserves to deflect inwardly any water falling from the balancing pockets234. Any water falling from the balancing pockets travels down thesurface of the cone 238, down the inner surface of the casing head to2|1, and then along the bottom of the stationary casing 2|6 to an outlet295.

Each of the trunnions 2|2' is provided with intersecting axial andtransverse bores 246 and 241 respectively, for establishingcommunication between a swivel joint 246 carried on the outer end ofeach trunnion and the balancing valve associated with the trunnion.

For driving the basket 232 at a relatively low speed during its washingcycle and at a relatively high speed during its extracting cycle, Iprovide as shown in Figure 10, a power driven drive shaft 25| journaledin bearings 252 and driven at a uniform predetermined speed. Carriedbythe right end of the shaft 25|, is a relatively small pulley wheel 253provided with an overrunnin'g clutch 254 in the same manner as is thepulley wheel |1| illustrated in Figure 5. Power from the pulley wheel253 is transmitted to the right trunnion 2|2 through a belt 255 and arelatively large pulley wheel 256 keyed to the right trunnion 2|2.Mounted on the left end of the drive shaft 25| through a iluid operatedclutch 251 (made in the same manner as the fluid operated clutchillustrated in Figure 7), is a relatively large pulley wheel 258. Powerfrom the pulley wheel 258 is transmittedto the left trunnion 2|2 througha belt 259, and a relatively small pulley wheel 26| keyed to thetrunnion 2| 2.

Mounted on the left end of the drive shaft 25| is a swivel joint 262,communicating through a line 263, a three-way solenoid operated valve 13264, a line 285 and a hand operated three-way valve 266 with a source261 of fluid under pressure. The line 265 communicates'directly with theleft swivel joint 248 through a line 268 and directly with the rightswivel joint 248 through a line 269. vThe valve 264 is provided with adischarge relief connectionv 21| and is actuated by a solenoid 212, incircuit with an inertia switch 213, mounted on the shell or casing 2|8.

The inertia switch 213 and its circuit as diagrammatically shown inFigure 11 comprises a power line 214, having a leg 215 in circuit with anormally closed switch 216 actuated by a solenoid 211, a line 218, thecoil of the solenoid 212 which controls the valve 264, and the other leg219 of the power line 214. Connected to the leg 215 ahead of thenormally closed switch 216 is a line 28| in series with a normally openinertia responsive switch 282, a line 283, the coil of the solenoid 211,the line 284, a normally closed switch 285 actuated by the solenoid 286of an automatic reset time relay and the return leg 219. Shunted acrossthe lines 28| and 283 is a normally open switchl 281 actuated by thesolenoid 211 and across the legs 215 and 219 through the coil of thetime delayed relay 286 and a line 288 is a normally open relay switch289 also actuated by the solenoid 211.

The normally open inertia responsive switch 282 (more specificallydescribed' in my application Patent No. 2,461,643, issued February 15,1949, can be adjusted to close in response to any vibration having anamplitude greater than any predetermined value. If then the extractorcasinar 2I8 on which the inertia switch above described is mounted, iseither not vibrating or the amplitude of its vibrations are below thepredetermined value for which it is set, current will pass through thelee; 215, the normally closed switch 216, the line 218, and the solenoid212 to the return leg 219. In this position of the solenoid 212 thevalve 264, as shown in Figure 10, will establish communication betweenthe source of fluid under pressure and the iiuid operated clutch 251,thereby permitting the pulley wheel 258 to transmit power to the basket.If however the amplitude of vibration of the casing 2|8 is greater thanthe value for which the inertia switch is set, the inertia switch 282will momentarily close, thereby energizing the solenoid 211 which inturn will open the normally closed switch 216 and simultaneously closethe normally open switches 281 and 289. With the switch 281 in itsclosed position the coil of the solenoid 211 is placed directly acrossthe power line 214 and therefore the solenoid 211 remains energized eventhough the inertia switch is only momentarily closed. The closing of therelay switch 289 energizes the clock mechanism (not shown) of the timedelay relay 286 through the line 219 and at a predetermined interval oftime the solenoid of this relay momentarily opens the switch 285 therebyde-energizing the solenoid 211 and returning the entire circuit to itsoriginal condition. The automatic reset on the time delayed relay 286also returns to its initial position. By this expedient then the basket232 can be brought into dynamic balance and full extracting speedwithout any resulting vibration of an amplitude greatel' than apredetermined set value.

From Figure it will be seen that during the washing cycle power istransmitted to the basket onlv through the right trunnion 2|2, the largeley wheel 253 and its associated overrunning clutch 254. During thiscycle of operation the valve 266 is in its closed position. To operatethe basket as an extractor the valve 266 is turned so as to place thelines 265and 269 in communication with the source 261 of uid underpressure, and precaution is taken to sec that the electric power line214 is closed. Under these conditions power will be transmitted from thedrive shaft 25| through the uid operated clutch 251, the large pulleywheel 258, the belt 259 and the small pulley wheel 26| to the lefttrunnion 2|2. Due to the inverse ratios between the diameters of thefour pulley wheels involved the small pulley wheel 26| will drive theleft trunnion 2|2 at a. greater speed than the large pulley wheel 256can drive the right trunnion. However since both trunnions are keyed tothe basket, the pulley wheel 256 must of necessity rotate with thepulley wheel 26| and this is vmade possible by virtue of the overrunningclutch 254 associated with the small pulley wheel 253. It is here to benoted that the overrunning clutch 254 can be mounted on the rightvtrunnion 2|2 rather than on the pulley wheel 253. During the extractingcycle the balancing valves associated with each of the trunnions operateas previously described to bring the basket into dynamic balance -and tomaintain it in that condition throughout this cycle of operation.

In Figures 13 and 14 I have illustrated a combination washer andextractor wherein a uid lock is provided for holding the balancing valvein such a radially adjusted position with respect to the main bearingcarrying the load of the basket and its shaft or trunnion, that thebalancing valve is responsive only to the dynamic unbalance of thebasket irrespective of the weight of the basket.

More particularly this modification comprises a xed shell 1or casing 30|from which is supported a pair of axially aligned and spaced bearingsupports 302 and 303. Acoommodated within the bearing support 302 is aself aligning bearing 304 including a bearing sleeve 305. Threadedwithin the bearing support 302 is a lock nut 304a.

Fastened within the sleeve 305 by a set screw 306;

is a trunnion or shaft 301 provided with an axial bore 308.

Acoommodated within the bearing support 303 is a resilient rubberbushing 309 preferably formed with a plurality of peripherally spacedlongitudinally extending holes 3|I. From Figure 14 it is to be notedthat these holes are formed only in that portion of the bushing notsubject to the dead weight of the shaft as transmitted to the bushing bythe sleeve 3|3. By the use of holes so disposed, the resiliency orcompressibility of cored portion of the bushing is greater than that ofthe weight bearing portion. vulcanized to the outer surface of thebushing 309 is a bronze liner 3|2 and to its inner surface, aninternally threaded bronze supporting sleeve 3|3, provided with ashoulder 3 I4. Seated within the supporting sleeve 3| 3 is a selfaligning ball bearing 3|5, including a bearing sleeve 3|6 fastened tothe shaft 301 by a set screw 3|1. Threaded in the supporting sleeve 3|3in back of the ball bearing 3|5 is a nut 3| 8 for looking the bearing inabutment with the shoulder 3| 4. The bearing support 303 is removablyfastened to the casing 30| by bolts 3|9 and is closed by a cover plate32| fastened thereto by screws 322.

Seated on the forward or right face of the caswithin the housing 324-isan annular adjusting nut 33| (fitted with a locking device not shown) bywhich the rubber liner 321 can be advanced over. the tapered and ridgedportion 329, to adjust the sealing tbetween these two members.

After this adjustment has been made the left end of the liner 321 isclamped and sealed over y the straight walled ridges 332 of theshaft.fby a ring clamp 333. Communication between the axial bore 308 anda peripheral channel 334 formed on the shaft to the right of the ridges332 is established by a transverse bore 335.

Removably fastened to the right face of the casing by screws 33'.:` is ahousing 331. Disposed over the inner face of the housing is adlstensible rubber diaphragm ring 338 the peripheral edges of which aresealed to the plate by clamping rings 339 and 34|, held in place byscrews 342. Accommodated within the annular channel formed by theclamping rings 339 and 34| and between the dlstensible rubber ring 338and the flange 323, is locking ring 343. Formed in the annular housing331 is a passageway 344 establishing communication between a conduit 345and a circular channel 348 formed in the housing adjacent the diaphragmring. The conduit 345 in turn communicates with the same source of iiuidunder pressure as does the bore 398 in the shaft 301.

Keyed to the shaft 301 and secured thereto by a nut 341 is a hub 348 ofa basket 349. Mounted on the hub 348 is a slinger 35| Vprovided withinternal radial partitions 352 forming passageways 353 in radialalignment with" conduits 354 carried by the basket 349 and communicatingwith peripherally disposed balancing pockets 355 formed on the basket349. It is to be noted that the open ends 358 of the conduits 354 extendbeyond the hub to receive the balancing fluid from the slinger duringthe balancing cycle to provide a -passageway for the discharge of thebalancing fluid.

In this modification the shaft 301 due to the weight of the basket 349assumes a position within the bearing support 303, below the axis of thesupport 303 rather than coaxial therewith, this action being permittedby the resiliency of the rubber bushing 309. Since the balancing valvehousing 324, normally is free to move vertically with respect to ,thecasing 30|, the housing and its associated bearing andk balancing valvemaintain a position coaxial with the shaft. Preferably the washing cycleis carried out with the balancing valve in this condition. During thiscycle of operation the basket is rotated below a speed atvwhichcentrifugal force becomes a factor in sofar as the dynamic unbalance ofthe basket is concerned and consequently there is no necessity ofbringing the balancing valve into play.

At the end of the washing cycle and with the basket still rotating atwashing speed the bore 308 and the conduit 345 are placed incommunication with a source of fluid under pressure. The resulting fluidpressurefon the right side of the diaphragm ring 338 immediately locksthe valve the balancing valve liner 321 coaxial with-the shaft 301irrespective of the position which the shaft has assumed within thebearing support 303. In this position no part of the weight of the shaftor the basket and its load is carried by the liner 321. If however thebasket and its load are not in dynamic balance the shaft will bedisplaced radiallytowards the heavy" side of the basket, therebycompressing the liner 321 on'that side and producing a passagewaybetween the shaft and the liner on the light side.` Fluid is therebydelivered through the balancing valve to the balancing pockets on thelighty side of the basket until such time as the basket and its loadare. brought into dynamic balance. At this point there is no radialdisplacement of the shaft and consequently the balancing valve assumesits closed position and remains closed until the basket again becomesdynamically unhousing 324 to the stationary casing 30| with 75 balanced,whereupon the above cycle of operation is repeated.

Although the liner 321 rotates with the shaft, it is to be observed thatthe rubber bushing 309 is stationary and that consequently any radialdisplacement of the shaft caused by the dynamic unbalance of the basket,produces a progressive compression in the bushing over its entireperiphery during each revolution of the shaft. The lower side of thebushing therefore is subjected to the weight of the shaft, the basketand its load being statically andalso periodically (once during eachrevolution of the shaft) subjected to the force resulting from thedynamic unbalance of the basket and its load in addition to the staticload. The two sides of the bushing are subjected only to the dynamic orunbalanced force of rotation and its top only to the excess of thedynamic force over the dead weight of the basket, the load and theshaft.

In order to attain a high average displacement of the shaft foractuating the balancing valve in response to any dynamic unbalancedforce and at the same time to provide suilicient support forthereinforced downward load (dead weight plus dynamic force) the rubberbushing i is made solid beneath the supporting sleeve 3|3,

whereas in order to make the bushing more resilient in the horizontaland upward directions, resort is had to the coring holes 3| i. By thisexpedient a maximum average radial displacement can be attained withoutunduly high stresses being imposed on the rubber bushing.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending applicationSerial No. 527,318, led March 20. 1944, for Dynamic balancer. Thatapplication has now matured as Patent No. 2,461,- 643 patented February15, 1949.

I claim:

1. An extractor comprising: a frame; a sleeve rotatably mounted on saidframe; an elastomer liner bonded to and within said sleeve; aradiallydisplaceable shaft extending through said liner and secured and sealedto one end thereof, the contours of said shaft and liner which areimmediately adjacent to each other being such that normally they form afluid tight seal with each other along spaced circular zones andintermediate these zones dene circular channels; a perforate basketfixed to said shaft adjacent the free end of said liner and providedwith a plurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets; conduits forestablishing communication between said pockets and an annular zonesurrounding the free end of said liner; means for establishingcommunication between a source of iluid under i7 pressure and one ofsaid circular channels; and means for driving said shaft.

2. An extractor comprising: a frame; a sleeve rotatably mounted on saidframe; an elastomer liner 4bonded to and within said sleeve; a shaftextending through said liner and secured and sealed to one end thereof,said shaft being provided with a plurality of longitudinally spacedcircular ridges normally effecting a fluid tight seal with a portion ofsaid liner; `a perforate basket fixed to said shaft adjacent the freeend s of said liner and provided with a plurality of pe'- ripherallyspaced balancing pockets; conduits for establishing communicationbetween said pockets and an annular zone surrounding the free end ofsaid liner; means for establishing communication between a source offluid under pressure and the valley defined by an adjacent pair of saidridges; and means for driving said shaft;

3. An extractor comprising: a frame; a sleeve rotatably mounted on saidframe; an elastomer liner bonded to and within said sleeve and providedwith a tapered bore; a shaft Vextending through said liner and securedand sealed to one end thereof, said shaft being provided with anenlarged tapered peripherally ridged portion normally making a fluidtight seal with said liner; a perforate basket fixed to said shaftadjacent the free end of said liner and provided with a plurality ofperipherally spaced balancing pockets; conduits for establishingcommunication between said pockets and an annular zone surrounding thefree end of said liner; means for moving said liner longitudinally alongsaid shaft; means for establishing communication between a source offluid under pressure and said shaft at a point on said shaft within thelength of said liner; and means for driving said shaft.

4. An extractor comprising: a casing; a sleeve mounted on said casingfor rotation on a vertical axis; an elastomer liner bonded within and tosaid sleeve; a shaft extending through said liner and secured and sealedto the lower end thereof, the upper portion of said shaft normallymaking a fluid tight seal with said liner; a perforate basket mounted onthe upper end of said shaft within said casing and formed with 'aplurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets and with' 18 and thevalley defined by an adjacent pair of said corrugations.

6. An extractor comprising: a casing; first and second coaxial bearingsupports carried by said casing, said first support being locatedadjacent saidcasing; a bearing mcuntedin said second support; a bearingresiliently mounted in said first support for limited radialdisplacement therein; a valve sleeve mounted on said casing adjacentsaid first bearing support and arranged for transverse adjustment withrespect thereto: an elastomer liner bonded to and within said sleeve; ashaft mounted in said bearings and extending through said liner, oneend. of said liner being secured and sealed to and about said shaft andthe adjacent portions of' said shaft and liner being such that normallythey form a fluid tight seal with each other along spaced circular zonesand intermediatethese zones denne circular channels; a perforate basketfixed to said shaft adjacent the free end of said liner and providedwith a plurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets; means forestablishing communication between a source of fluid under pressure anda circular channel defined by said shaft and liner; and means fordriving said shaft.

7. An extractor comprising: a shaft; a rotary basket mounted on saidshaft and provided with a plurality of peripherally spaced balancingpockets; a fluid conduit system including a balancing valve responsiveto any substantial dynamic unbalance of said basket for selectivelydelivering fluid to one of said balancing pockets on the light side ofthe basket; a pulley operatively associated with said shaft through afluid operated clutch; and means for simultaneously establishingcommunication between a source of fluid under pressure, said fluidsystem and said fluid operated clutch so that said shaft can be drivenby said pulley wheel only when the balancing valve is under theinfluence of said fluid under pressure.

and said shaft at a point on said shaft within the y length of saidliner; means for establishing communication between said point and saidpockets; and means for driving said shaft.

5. An extractor comprising: a frame; a sleeve rotatably mounted on saidframe; an elastomer liner member bonded to and within said sleeve; ashaft member extending through said liner and secured and sealed to oneend thereof, one of said members being formed with corrugations arrangednormally to form a fluid-tight seal with said other member; a perforatebasket fixed to said shaft adjacent the free end of said liner andprovided with a plurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets;passageways extending between said pockets andI points immediatelyadjacent the free end of said liner; a fluid operated clutch mounted onsaid sleeve; a pulley wheel mounted on said clutch; and means forsimultaneously establishing communication between 8. In a combinationwasher and extractor: a rotary shaft resiliently supported at one endthereof for limited radial displacement;la basket mounted on the latterend of said shaft adapted y to be driven at such speed as to producegyrations under unbalanced conditions and provided with a plurality ofperipherally spaced balancing pockets; a balancing valve formed aboutsaid shaft adjacentsaid basket and responsive to any'substantialgyration of the shaft for selectively delivering balancing fluid to oneof the pockets on the light" side of the basket; (means for driving saidshaft including a fluid operated clutch; a conduit for simultaneouslydelivering fluid under pressure to said balancing valve and fluidoperated clutch; a solenoid operated valve disposed in said conduit forcontrolling the passage of fluid therethrough; and an inertia switch incircuit with said'solenoid and responsive to vibrations of said basket.

9. A combination Washer and extractor comprising: va cylindrical casing;coaxial bearings resiliently mounted on each end of said casing; abasket provided at either end with trunnions mounted in said bearingsand with a plurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets; abalancing valve yformed about each of said trunnions adjacent saidbasket and responsive to any substantial gyrations thereof forselectively delivering fluid under pressure to the pockets on the lightside of the basket; means for vertically adjusting said balancing valvesso that they are not influenced by the dead weight of said basket 19 orits load; and means for driving one of said trunnions at washing speedand the other at extracting speed.

l0. A combination washer and extractor comprising: a cylindrical casing;a basket resiliently mounted in said casing for limited gyratorymovement with respect to its normal axis in response to any substantialdynamic unbalance of the basket; peripherally spaced balancing pocketscarried by said basket; a iiuid system including valve means associatedwith said basket responsive to any substantial gyrations thereof fordelivering fluidto one of`said pockets on the light side of said basket;means associated with said basket including an overrunning clutch fordriving said basket at a relatively slow speed during its Washing cycle;means associated with said basket including a fluid operated clutch fordriving said basket at a relatively h'igh speed during its extractingcycle; and means for rendering said latter clutch operative only whensaid valve means is under the inuence of a fluid under pressure.

11. A combination washer and extractor comprising: a cylindrical casing;coaxial trunnion bearings resiliently mounted in either end of saidcasing; trunnions mounted in each of said bearings; a basket mounted onand between said trunnions; a valve sleeve supporting member surroundingeach of said trunnions and secured to said casing for verticaladjustment therewith; a valve sleeve journaled in said supportingmember; an elastomer liner bonded to and within each of said valvesleeves in sealing engagement with its associated trunnion and securedthereto at its outer end, each of said liners being arranged to beradially compressed on one side thereof by its associated trunnion inresponse to any substantial out-of-balance of said basket and to form auid passageway along said trunnion on the opposite side thereof; aplurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets carried by saidbasket at each end thereof; an outwardly converging cone carried by eachend of said basket coaxial with said trunnions and provided with holesaround its upper periphery in radial alignment with said pockets; aplurality of longitudinally extending spaced vanes secured to theinterior of said cone and forming therewith llongitudinal passageways inradial alignment with said pockets; a slinger mounted on each of saidtrunnions adjacent the free end of the liner associated therewith; meansfor establishing communication between a source of fluid under pressureand the interior surface of each of said liners; drive means associatedwith one of said trunnions for rotating said basket at a relatively lowspeed during its washing cycle; and drive means associated with theother of said trunnions for rotating said basket at a relatively highspeed during its extracting cycle.

12. An extractor comprising: a casing; a bearing support mounted on saidcasing on a xed axis; a bearing resiliently mounted in said support; ashaft mounted in said bearing; a valve sleeve housing surrounding saidshaft in abutment with a wall of said casing; a valve sleeve journaledin said housing; an elastomer liner bonded to and within said valvesleeve, said shaft and liner being normally in liquid tight sealingengagement with each other but upon lateral movement toward each otheron one side thereof defining a longitudinal passageway therebetween onthe diametricallyopposite side thereof a lock housing surrounding saidsleeve housing; a locking ring accommodated within said lock housing inengagement with said sleeve housing; an elastomer 'ring sealed aroundits edges to the inner face of said lock housing; a basket mounted onthe end of said shaft adjacent said lock housing; peripherally spacedbalancing pockets carried by said basket; radial conduits carried bysaid basket for establishing communication between said pockets and anannular zone surrounding said shaft; and means for establishingcommunication between the inner face of said elastomer ring and a sourceof uid under pressure and for simultaneously establishing communicationbetween said source and a point between said shaft and said liner.

13. An extractor comprising: a vertically disposed cylindrical casinghaving a bottom provided with a central opening; a pair of axiallyaligned and spaced bearings supported by and depending from said casingin alignment with said opening; a sleeve journaled in said bearings withits upper end extending through said opening; an elastomer liner bondedto and within said sleeve and provided at its lower end with a taperedshaft seat; a shaft extending through said liner, said shaftbeingprovided at its lower end, with an enlarged tapered plug seated andsealed within and to said tapered shaft seat and at its upper end withcircular ridges normally in sealing engagement with the upper end ofsaid liner; a

Aperforate basket mounted on the upper end of said shaft for rotationtherewith and provided on its-outer surface with a plurality ofperipherally spaced longitudinally extending balancing pockets; inwardlyextending radial conduits provided along the bottom of said basket andterminating at points adjacent'said liner, said conduits serving toestablish communication between said pockets and an annular zonesurrounding the upper end of said liner; means for establishingcommunication between a source of iiuid pressure and the interiorsurface of said liner; and means for rotating said sleeve.

14. An extractor comprising: a vertically disr posed cylindricalcasinghaving a bottom provided with a central opening; a vertical sleevesupported by said casing coaxially with said opening; an elastomer linerbonded to and sealed within said sleeve, and formed at its lower endwith a downwardly tapered shaft seat; a laterally displaceableshaftextending through said liner and having a tapered lower end seatedand sealed within and to said shaft seat, said shaft being formed at itsupper end with a series of circular ridges normally in sealingengagement with said liner; a perforate basket mounted on the upper endof said shaft for. rotation therewith and proyvided with a series ofperipherally spaced longitudinally extending balancing pockets and withradially extending radial conduits terminating at points adjacent saidliner, said conduits serving to establish communication between thelower ends of said pockets and a circular zone surrounding the upper endof said liner; a slinger carried by the upper end of said sleeve andprovided on its lowerface with a downwardly extending circular ilange;an upwardly extending circular flange formed on said bottom overlappingsaid downwardly extending ange; means for establishing communicationbetween a source of iiuid under pressure and the interior of saidliner;l and means for rotating said sleeve.

15. An extractor comprising: a frame; a sleeve rotatably mounted on saidframe; an elastomer liner member bonded to and within said sleeve;

a shaft member extending through said liner member and secured andsealed to one end thereof, one of said members being formed withcorrugation defining circular channels and arranged normally to form afluid-tight seal with said other member; a perforate basket fixed tosaid shaft adjacent the free end of said liner and provided with aplurality of peripherally spaced balancing pockets; conduits forestablishing communication between said pockets and an annular zonesurrounding the free end of said liner; means for establishingcommunication between a source of fluid under pressure and one of saidcircular channels; and means for driving said shaft.

16. An extractor comprising: a cylindrical casing; a cylindrical basketresiliently mounted in said casing for limited gyratory movement withrespect to its normal static axis in response 'to any substantialdynamic unbalance of said basket; peri-pherally spaced balancing pocketscarried on the peripheral walls of said basket; a slingencarried by saidbasket for slinging balancing fluid delivered thereto to one of saidbalancing pockets; a normally closed balancing valve common to saidpockets formed about said shaft immediately adjacent said slinger andarranged to deliver balancing fluid from its outlet end to said slingerin response to any substantial gyratory movement of said basket; and aconduit for delivering balancing fluid`to the inlet end of said valve.

17. In a centrifuge, a frame, an apertured mounting member carried bysaid frame, a container, means supporting the container on the frame andpermitting radial movement of said container relative to said mountingmember, means for rotating the container, fluid balancing pockets onsaid container and a source lof fluid for said pockets, valve meansincluding a rubberlike sleeve element and a cooperating sealing element,said elements having normally engaged sealing surfaces that blockcommunication between said fluid source and said pockets, the sealingsurfaces of said elements having an extent in the direction of the axisof rotation, one of said sealing elements being formed so that itssealing surface is circumferentially ribbed, one of said elementsmounted to move radially With said container and the other mounted tomove radially with said mounting member, radial unbalance of saidcontainer during rotation thereof causing relative radial motion of saidcontainer and mounting member and separation of the normally engagedsealing surfaces of said elements, said sealing surfaces when separateddefining a fluid passageway communicating with said source of fluid andat least one balancing pocket on said container.

18. In a centrifuge, a frame, an apertured mounting member carried bysaid frame, a container, means supporting the container on the frame,said means preventing substantially all axial motion of points on saidcontainer relative to said mounting member and permitting radialmovement of said container relative to said mounting member, means forrotating the container, fluid balancing pockets on said container and asource of fluid for said pockets, valve means including a rubber-likesleeve element and a cooperating sealing element, said elements havingnormally engaged sealing surfaces that block communication between saiduid source and said pockets, the sealing surfaces of said elementshaving an extent in the direction of the axis of rotation, one of saidsealing elements being formed so that its sealing surface iscircumferentially ribbed, one of said elements mounted to move radiallywith said container and the other mounted to move radially with saidmounting member, radial unbalance of said container during rotationthereof causing relative radial motion of said container and mountingmember Y and separation of the normally engaged sealing surfaces of saidelements. said sealing surfaces when separated defining a fluidpassageway communicating with said source of fluid and at least one.balancing pocket on said container.v

19. In a centrifuge, a. frame, an apertured mounting member carried bysaid frame, container, shaft means mounted in said frame and connectedto rotate the container, said shaft means extending through saidmounting member, fluid balancing pockets on said container and a sourceof fluid for said pockets, valve means including a rubber-like sleeveelement mounted between said mounting member and said shaft means, asealing element having a circumferentially ribbed portion cooperatingwith said sleeve element to normally block communication between saidfluid source and said pockets, the sealing surfaces of said elementshaving an extent in the direction of the axis of rotation, one of saidelements mounted to move radially with said shaft means and the othermounted to move radially with saidmounting member, radial unbalance ofsaid container during rotation thereof causing radial motion of saidshaft means relative to said mounting member to separate the normallyengaged sealing surfaces of said elements, said sealing surfaces whenseparated defining a fluid passageway communicating with said source offluid and at least one balancing pocket on said container.

20. In a centrifuge, a frame, an apertured mounting member carried bysaid frame, shaft means mounted in said frame and connected to rotatethe container, said shaft means extending through said mounting member,fluid balancing pockets on said container, a source of fluid for saidpockets, valve means including a rubber-like sleeve element supported bysaid mounting member, a circumferentially ribbed sealing element carriedby said shaft means the ribbed surface thereof cooperating with saidsleeve element to normally block communication between said fluid sourceand said pockets, the sealing surfaces of said elements having an extentin the direction of the axis of rotation, radial unbalance of saidcontainer during rotation thereof causing radial motion of said shaftmeans relative to said mounting member and separation of the normallyengaged sealing surfaces of said elements, said sealing surfaces whenseparated defining a fluid passageway communicating with said source offluid and at least one balancing pocket on said container.

2l. In a centrifuge, a frame, a container having fluid balancingpockets, an apertured supporting member mounted in said frame, a shaftmember extending through said supporting member for rotating thecontainer, a valve unit including a rubber-like sleeve member mountedbetween said supporting member and said shaft,

23 tions of the rubber-like sleeve, the valve portion of saidrubber-like sleeve member normally blocking communication between saidiiuid source and the pockets, lateral unbalance of said containercausing relative radial motion of said shaft bushing and supportingmember and separation of the valve portion of the rubber-like sleevemember from the associated sealing means to establish communicationbetween said source of uid and at least one balancing pocket on saidcontainer.

22. A washing and extracting machine comprising: a rotatable containerhaving a series of uid balancing pockets, a uid distributing valvearranged to distribute fluid to certain of said pockets when unbalance'is present, a prime mover, drive means between said prime mover andcontainer to move said container for washing, mechanism associated withsaid prime mover and container to establish a spin drive for drying,

Iclutch means associated with said mechanism for causing the spin driveto be operative to spin the container, said clutch means being biased tocause said spin drive to be inoperative, uid operator means associatedwith said clutch means for overcoming said bias and initiating said spindrive, a source of uid under pressure, a control valve controlling saidsource, conduit means leading from said control valve to said uidoperator means -and to said distributing valve, whereby opening saidcontrol valve when pressure is available at said source overcomes thebias for said clutch means, initiates spinning of the container andsupplies fluid to said valve for balancing, failure of the pressuresource to supply uid above a predetermined pressure for balancingpermitting said biased clutch means to render said spin driveinoperative to spin the container.

23. A washing and extracting machine comprising: a rotatable containerhaving a series of uid balancing pockets, a fluid distributing valvearranged to distribute fluid to certain of said pockets when unbalanceis present, a prime mover, drive means between said prime mover andcontainer to impart a washing motion to said container, mechanismassociated with said prime mover and container to render said drivemeans ineffectual to impart a washing motion to the container and toestablish a spin drive for drying, clutch means associated with saidmechanism for rendering the washing motion mechanism ineffectual andcausing the spin drive to be operative,

said clutch means being biased to make the Washing motion mechanismoperative and the spin drive inoperative, iiuid operator meansassociated vwith said clutch means for overcoming said bias to initiatesaid spin drive, a source of fluid under pressure,l a control valvecontrolling said source, conduit means leading from said control valveto said uid operator means and to said distributing valve, wherebyopening said control valve when pressure is available at said sourceinitiates spinning of the container and supplies fluid to said valve forbalancing, failure of the pressure source to supply fluid above apredetermined pressure for balancing permitting said biased clutch meansto' restore the washing motion of the container and render said spindrive inoperative.

24. In a washing and extracting machine: a rotatable perforated tubhaving a plurality of water balancing pockets, means to spin said tubfor drying, a hydraulic operator forl said spin means arranged toinitiate spinning when water pressure is applied to the hydraulicoperator, a valve as- 24- sembly for directing water into said balancingpockets, said hydraulic operator means and said valve means beingconnected to a common source of water under pressure, and a cut-olfvalve in said pressure source whereby opening said cut-off valveinitiates spinning of the tubl and supplies water to said valve assemblyfor balancing the tub.

25. A dynamically self-balancing unit comprising: a frame, a rotaryshaft member mounted on said frame for balanced rotation about a fixedaxis but free for restricted radial displacement with respect thereto; abasket fixed to said shaft member for rotation Atherewith and providedwith iiuid receptacles disposed in spaced relation about its axis; asleeve mounted on said frame over said shaft member and adjacent saidbasket for rotation on said fixed axis, the inner diameter of saidsleeve being substantially greater than the outer diameter of said shaftmember; an elastomer liner member disposed within said sleeve and aboutsaid shaft member, said liner member being bonded to said sleeve andfixed and sealed to said shaft member at that end of said liner memberaway from said basket; circular ridges formed on one of said members andarranged for sealing engagement with the other of said members when saidshaft member is rotating on said xed axis, said ridges forming channelsinto which the immediately adjacent portions of said liner member canflow when such portions are under compression resulting from the lateraldisplacement of said shaft member due to the dynamic imbalance of saidbasket; conduits carried by said basket communicating at one end thereofwith said fluid receptacles and terminating at their other ends in acircle surrounding said shaft member adjacent said liner member; and asource of uid under pressure communieating with one of the channelsformed by said ridges, said liner member constituting a valve memberresponsive to any substantial displace- Ament of said shaft member forestablishing communication selectively between said source of uid and atleast one of the receptacles on that side of said shaft member oppositethe direction of its displacement.

26. A dynamically self-balancing unit cornprising: a frame, a rotaryshaft member mounted on said frame for balanced rotation about a xedaxis but free for restricted radial displacement with respect thereto; abasket xed to said shaft member for rotation therewith and provided withuid receptacles disposed in spaced relation about its axis; a sleevemounted on said frame over said shaft member and adjacent said basketfor rotation on said fixed axis, the inner diameter o f said sleevebeing substantially greater than the outer diameter of said shaftmember; an elastomer liner member disposed within said sleeve and aboutsaid shaft member, said liner member being bonded to said sleeve andfixed and sealed to said shaft member at that end of said liner memberaway from said basket; circular ridges formed on said shaft member andarranged for sealing engagement with said liner member when said shaftmember is rotating on said fixed axis, said ridges forming channels intowhich the immediately adjacent portions of said liner member caniiowwhen such portions are under compression resulting from the lateraldisplacement of said shaft member due to the dynamic imbalance of saidbasket; conduits carried by said basket communicating at one end thereofwith said iiuid receptacles and terminating at their other ends in acircle surrounding said shaft

